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By Bojanna Shantheyanda, Sreya Dutta, Kevin Coscia and David SchiemerDynalene, Inc. Fluid cooling, which can be attained using indirect or straight means, is used in electronic devices applications having thermal power densities that may surpass risk-free dissipation with air cooling. Indirect liquid air conditioning is where heat dissipating electronic parts are physically separated from the liquid coolant, whereas in case of direct cooling, the parts remain in straight call with the coolant.


In indirect cooling applications the electric conductivity can be important if there are leakages and/or splilling of the liquids onto the electronic devices. In the indirect cooling applications where water based liquids with corrosion preventions are usually made use of, the electrical conductivity of the liquid coolant primarily relies on the ion concentration in the liquid stream.


The rise in the ion concentration in a closed loop fluid stream may occur as a result of ion seeping from metals and nonmetal components that the coolant liquid touches with. Throughout operation, the electrical conductivity of the liquid might enhance to a degree which might be hazardous for the air conditioning system.

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(https://dzone.com/users/5271907/chemie999.html)They are bead like polymers that can exchanging ions with ions in a solution that it is in contact with. In the existing work, ion leaching tests were executed with numerous steels and polymers in both ultrapure deionized (DI) water, i.e. water which is treated to the highest degrees of pureness, and low electrical conductive ethylene glycol/water mixture, with the gauged change in conductivity reported with time.


The examples were enabled to equilibrate at room temperature for two days prior to recording the first electric conductivity. In all tests reported in this study liquid electric conductivity was gauged to a precision of 1% utilizing an Oakton CON 510/CON 6 series meter which was adjusted before each measurement.

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from the wall home heating coils to the facility of the furnace. The PTFE example containers were placed in the heater when consistent state temperatures were gotten to. The test arrangement was removed from the furnace every 168 hours (seven days), cooled down to space temperature level with the electrical conductivity of the liquid measured.


The electrical conductivity of the liquid example was checked for an overall of 5000 hours (208 days). Number 2. Schematic of the indirect closed loop cooling experiment set up - silicone fluid. Table 1. Components made use of in the indirect closed loop cooling experiment that touch with the liquid coolant. A schematic of the speculative arrangement is shown in Number 2.


Before starting each experiment, the examination setup was washed with UP-H2O numerous times to eliminate any pollutants. The system was packed with 230 ml of UP-H2O and was enabled to equilibrate at room temperature level for an hour before taping the initial electric conductivity, which was 1.72 S/cm. Liquid electrical conductivity was determined to an accuracy of 1%.

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The modification in fluid electric conductivity was kept an eye on for 136 hours. The fluid from the system was gathered and saved.


Table 2 shows the examination matrix that was utilized for both ion leaching and shut loop indirect cooling experiments. The adjustment in electrical conductivity of the liquid examples when stirred with Dowex blended bed ion exchange material was measured.


0.1 g of Dowex resin was included in 100g of liquid samples that was absorbed a different container. The mixture was stirred and change in the electrical conductivity at room temperature level was determined every hour. The determined modification in the electrical conductivity of the UP-H2O and EG-LC examination liquids consisting of polymer or metal when engaged for 5,000 hours at 80C is revealed Figure 3.

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Figure 3. Ion leaching experiment: Measured modification in electric conductivity of water and EG-LC coolants having either polymer or steel examples when submersed for 5,000 hours at 80C. The outcomes show that metals contributed fewer ions into the liquids than plastics in both UP-H2O and EG-LC based coolants. This can be due to a thin metal oxide layer which might act as a barrier to ion leaching and cationic diffusion.




Fluids having polypropylene and HDPE showed the lowest electrical conductivity changes. This could be due to the short, inflexible, straight chains which are much less likely to add ions than longer branched chains with weak intermolecular forces. Silicone also performed well in both test fluids, as polysiloxanes are generally chemically inert as a result of the high bond energy of the silicon-oxygen bond which would certainly avoid degradation of the material into the fluid.

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It would be anticipated that PVC would certainly generate comparable results to those of PTFE and HDPE based on the comparable chemical structures of the materials, nonetheless there might be other pollutants existing in the PVC, such as plasticizers, that might affect the electric conductivity of the liquid - dielectric coolant. In addition, chloride groups in PVC can likewise leach right into the test liquid and can create a rise in electrical conductivity


Buna-N rubber and polyurethane revealed indicators of degradation and thermal decomposition which recommends that their feasible energy as a gasket or glue product at higher temperature levels might bring about application issues. Polyurethane entirely degenerated right into the examination fluid by the end of 5000 hour check this test. Number 4. Before and after photos of metal and polymer samples immersed for 5,000 hours at 80C in the ion leaching experiment.


Calculated change in the electric conductivity of UP-H2O coolant as a feature of time with and without resin cartridge in the closed indirect air conditioning loop experiment. The determined change in electrical conductivity of the UP-H2O for 136 hours with and without ion exchange resin in the loophole is displayed in Number 5.